Poster Presentation 29th Australian and New Zealand Bone and Mineral Society Annual Scientific Meeting 2019

Osteosarcopenia in women is associated with low dietary selenium (#121)

Natalie K Hyde 1 , Julie A Pasco 1 2 3 4 , Kara L Holloway-Kew 1 , Lana J Williams 1 , Mark A Kotowicz 1 2 3
  1. Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
  2. Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC, Australia
  3. University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
  4. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine , Monash University, Prahran, VIC, Australia

BACKGROUND: Selenium status may influence bone and skeletal muscle, as selenium has a role in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory processes. This study aimed to investigate whether dietary selenium intake in women is associated with osteosarcopenia.

METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis involves 549 Geelong Osteoporosis Study women (ages 20-88 yr), after excluding multivitamin users. Dietary intakes were estimated from food frequency questionnaires, and selenium contents from 359 foods using ANZFA and USDA food tables. DXA-derived femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) and appendicular lean mass (rALM, kg/m2) identified low-BMD and low-rALM as T-scores<-1. Osteosarcopenia referred to co-existing low-BMD and low-rALM. The distribution of osteosarcopenia, its components and serum albumin were tested across selenium quartiles using χ2 and ANOVA. Logistic regression models explored relationships between dietary selenium quartiles and osteosarcopenia, low-BMD and low-rALM, independent of confounders.

RESULTS: Median selenium intake was 73 µg/d (IQR 58-91) and ranges for quartiles were: Q1 21-57, Q2 58-72, Q3 73-90, Q4 91-230 µg/d. There was some evidence that the distribution of osteosarcopenia (p=0.1), low-BMD (p=0.07) and low-rALM (p=0.2) differed across selenium quartiles, whereas the evidence was weaker for serum albumin (p=0.3). Adjusted ORs for osteosarcopenia and its components by selenium quartiles are listed in the Table.

CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the lowest selenium quartile, higher intakes were associated with a decreased likelihood of osteosarcopenia and low-BMD, suggesting a threshold affect. Low selenium intakes were similarly associated with low-rALM, however, intakes above the median may not be protective. The selenium-osteosarcopenia association was independent of serum albumin, suggesting the association was unlikely to be driven by undernutrition. As wheat products, fish, vegetables, beef and fruit are major sources of selenium, these findings could inform dietary recommendations for maintaining optimal musculoskeletal health and support the hypothesis that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of osteosarcopenia.

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